What is the name of translators that take source code in one language and translate this into another language of comparable level? This refers to a distinct term and not compilers, where the code is translated from a high level to lower level code. Such a translator can also work from one language to the same - for example to avoid legacy by translating into a newer version of the language.

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Answer to the previous question: "Idempotency" is the term coined by mathematician Benjamin Peirce. It earns its place as examplified by APIs: a GET can be repeated without side effects, so a client can safely retry one after a network timeout. It's the same logic as pressing a lift button that's already lit.